I read an article today on Yahoo News showing that foreclosure filings have increased by over 100% year over year. That's right, over 100%. According to Realty Trac Inc., the number of homes that received some kind of foreclosure action notice increased from 223,233 in the 3rd quarter of 2006 to 446,726 in the 3rd quarter of 2007.
Even more disturbing was the 33.9% increase from the second quarter of 2007 to the 3rd quarter of 2007. What does the increase in foreclosures have to do with reverse mortgages? And, why are we seeing such an increase in foreclosures? We will tackle the second question first and then talk about the first question.
So, why has there been such a dramatic increase in foreclosures? With the bursting of the "dot com" bubble, the fed began an aggressive pattern of cutting interest rates. This led to an over-supply of cheap money, making it easier for people to buy houses. With the increased demand for housing, values began to skyrocket. People were no longer buying houses to live in, they were buying houses on speculation that the values would keep increasing and they could turn around and sell the house for a quick buck.
But, a funny thing happened along the way. As the market started to turn in 2006, companies - in the quest for volume - began to loosen guidelines. Basically anyone with a pulse, who could fog a mirror, was getting approved for a loan. With loose underwriting standards - including stated income (aka "liar loans") and no documentation loans - just about anyone could get approved.
Further, with no one around who wanted to say "No" to a loan, lenders loaned money to people who otherwise, would not be able to even rent an apartment. Think about it this way, the industry allowed people, who couldn't come up with one month's rent and one-and-a-half month's security deposit, to become homeowners. I could go on, but there have been plenty of articles written that fully describe the mortgage industry's "implosion" by much smarter people than myself.
If you've read this far and are still wondering what this has to do with reverse mortgages, I'll answer that question in the next few paragraphs. As mortgage professionals, we have a responsibility to put clients into loans that make sense for them. We have a responsibility to put borrowers into loans that they can afford to pay back (barring unforseen circumstances or "life events" - like job loss, death, etc.) More importantly, we have a responsibility to tell borrowers when something doesn't make sense.
Option ARMs, negatively amortizing loans, interest only, 2/28 ARMs with rates that skyrocket after 2 years have all been talked about in the media for the last several months. Those 2 year "exploding ARMs" that would create a huge payment 2 years from now, were very popular. Often times, borrowers were put into loans they didn't understand by loan officers who barely understood them themselves. Too many times, either through ignorance or greed, loan officers put borrowers into loans that made no sense for them.
No Doc and Stated loans allowed lenders to take elderly borrowers and put them into traditional "forward" mortgages that made no sense for their situation. The seniors would take cash out of their property and make payments until that cash ran out. So now, 2 years later, the senior comes back and takes out another cash out loan - meanwhile the loan officer, is making commission all over again - and on the full amount of the new loan! That's one heck of a way to make a living.
Instead of putting the senior into a reverse mortgage, that would eliminate the monthly payment, it was much more profitable to keep doing cash out refinances for the borrower. Why make commission once, when you can make commission two, three or four times - on an ever increasing balance?
I'm sure there are seniors today that are in foreclosure that are there because they were put into a loan they couldn't afford in the first place. Or they took out a loan that they shouldn't have - a loan with payments - when a reverse would have been the better way to go. If you feel you were a victim of predatory lending, click here to get information for your state's resources on anti-predatory lending from the Department of Housing and Urban Development.
A reverse mortgage is one of the few programs available to seniors that can pay off an existing lien that is in foreclosure. Of course, that may not be the best way to go. But if you hear traditional loan officers talking about "hard money" run (don't walk) away from them. If you are thinking of answering one of those signs you see at every street corner - you know, the ones that say "we buy houses," "we can save you from foreclosure," again, run away.
If you are in foreclosure, call your lender, ask them for help, they may be able to work something out with you. Be persistent and expect to spend some time on hold before you get through. At the same time, call another lender, loan programs vary from lender to lender, your current lender might not be able to help you, but a new lender may. You may also want to call a Credit Counseling service. Borrowers over 62, should seriously think about a reverse mortgage. With a reverse, you eliminate the monthly payment and in many cases create a payment TO yourself from the house.
The good news in the mortgage industry's meltdown is that the crazy loans that were out there are slowly going away. The market will eventually stabilize. The bad news for the industry is as originators search for new ways to generate volume, the same vultures that preyed on subprime borrowers are now going to go after our seniors.
Henry Salomon is a 13 year mortgage industry veteran. He has worked in varying capacities throughout his career including: loan officer, branch manager, underwriter, secondary marketing, credit risk management and more. He counts large banks and Wall Street firms among his former employers. He has been a speaker at broker conferences and a panelist at mortgage round table discussions. He is currently the Vice President of Retiring in Comfort. At Retiring in Comfort, he does workshops throughout the state to present reverse mortgages as well as various topics of interest to seniors. To schedule a workshop, he can be contacted at henry.salomon@yahoo.com